For this reason, it is usually necessary to run the buffer amplifier from relatively high voltage rails (about ☙ V) to avoid distortion due to clipping. The piezo pickup gives a very wide frequency range output compared to the magnetic types and can give large amplitude signals from the strings. Piezo pickups are usually mounted under the bridge and sometimes form part of the bridge assembly itself. They must therefore have an instrument-mounted buffer amplifier fitted if the sound is to retain its full frequency response. Piezoelectric pickups have a very high output impedance and appear as a capacitance in series with a voltage source. These have a very different sound which some prefer, and also have the advantage of not picking up unwanted magnetic fields, such as mains hum and feedback. Many violins have been fitted with piezoelectric pickups instead of, or in addition to, magnetic pickups. Piezo transducers are often used as contact microphones to amplify acoustic instruments for live performance, or to record sounds. In this description, the motion of the string varies the magnetic reluctance in the circuit created by the permanent magnet.Ī piezo (pronounced "pee-ay-zo") microphone uses the phenomenon of piezoelectricity - the ability of some materials to produce a voltage when subjected to pressure - to convert vibrations into an electrical signal. More generally, the pickup operation can be described using the concept of a magnetic circuit. There may also be an internal preamplifier stage between the pickup and cable. The signal created is then carried to amplification or recording equipment via a cable. The vibration of the nearby soft-magnetic strings modulates the magnetic flux linking the coil. The pickup is mounted on the body of the instrument. Magnetic Violin PickupsĪ magnetic violin pickup consists of a permanent magnet wrapped with a coil of a few thousand turns of fine copper wire. There are two common types of pickups that are used with the violin and other string instruments magnetic pickups and piezo pickups. A violin pickup is a microphone (or transducer) that captures mechanical vibrations from the instrument and converts them to an electronic signal which can be amplified or recorded.
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